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談高考英語試題中“省略”的考查
對省略現象的考查已成為近年來英語高考試題中的?键c。因為省略這種語法手段既可避免重復,突出新 的信息,又能使上下文更緊密地連接起來。這也正符合現代生活快節奏的需要。因此,在英語口語中,只要不 損害結構和引起歧義,能省略的地方就盡可能省略。但有時省略的成分,在句中占有相當的份量,能表達一定的信息,這無疑就增加了試題的難度。因此在解 題時,除了應特別注意進行語境分析,從上文或上、下文中找出相關的省略成份外,還要對常用的省略知識有 所了解,從而做到有的放矢,找出解題的突破口。下面就該問題作一分析。
一、復合句中的省略現象
復合句中的省略現象通常出現在狀語從句中。
一)在含有比較結構的復合句中,常在as或than引導的分句中省略某些與主句相同的成分或省略在特定上 下文或特定情景中某些不言而喻的成分;或整個as/than從句。如:
1.The pianos in the other shop will be______, but_____.(MET90)
A.cheaper;not as better
B.more cheap; not as better
C.cheaper; not as good
D.more cheap; not as good
本題應選C。分別為cheaper than those in this shop 和theyare not as good as those in this s hop的省略。
2.John plays football________,if not better than, David.(NMET94)
A.as well B.as well as
C.so well D.so well as
本題應選B。根據上下文可看出if not better than 為if Johndoesn't play football better than David(plays football) 的省略。那么,排除這個條件的話,John和David就踢得一樣好了。 故要用副詞well 的同級比較的肯定式。
3.How beautifully she sings! I've never heard _______ .(NMET96)
A.the better voice B.a good voice
C.the best voice D.a better voice
本題應選D。從整個語境來分析,后句中的比較狀語從句than hers被省略掉了。故此題應選比較級。
二)如果復合句中的時間、條件、原因狀語從句用了主語+be+分詞結構,且主、從句主語一致時,可省 略從句的連接詞、主語和be助動詞,只保留分詞和其它成分。如:
4.________in thought, he almost ran into the car in frontof him.(NMET96)
A.Losing B.Having lost
C.Lost D.To lose
本題應選C。Lost in thought 為As he was lost in thought之省略。
5.________more attention, the trees could have grownbetter.(MET90)
A.Given B.To give
C.Giving D.Having given
本題應選A。Given more attention為If they were given moreattention之省略。
三)在含有定語從句的復合句中,如果定語從句用了進行時態或被動語態,且關系代詞在從句中作主語時 ,可省略關系代詞和助動詞。只保留分詞或其它成分。如:
6.The Olympic Games,_______ in 776 B.C., did not includewomen players until 1912.(NMET97)
A.first playing B.to be first played
C.first played D.to be first playing
本題應選C。first played 為which was first played 之省略。
7.Do you know the boy__________ under the big tree? (MET89)
A. lay B.lain C.laying D.lying
本題應選D。lying為who is lying之省略。
8.Most of the artists ________ to the party were fromSouth Africa.(MET90)
A.invited B.to invite
C.being invited D.have been invited
本題應選A。invited為who were invited之省略。
&n
bsp; 9.The first textbooks________for teaching English as aforeign language came out in the 1 6th century.
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